If the jar was already broken when you found it, then the spell bound to that jar is already gone and nothing that you have done to it is going to have any effect. So, as has been suggested, the jar might have been a protection spell and now that protection is gone allowing the ghosts access to your home.
So your actions now should be towards banishing these ghosts and re-establishing protection on your home. Here are some suggestions:
Witch Bottle/Jar Spell - There are a lot of articles out there about making a Witch Bottle for protection and most of them call for a wide variety of ingredients. But the traditional bottle is really simple. Take a small bottle or jar with a screw-top. In the bottle, place an assortment of sharp objects such as nails, pins, thorns, broken glass, etc. Then add some of your own urine to tie the spell to yourself and your home. Bury the jar near your front door or at the entrance to your yard. Here's some simple instructions - https://www.learnreligions.com/make-a-witch-bottle-2562680
I also like to salt my threshold while chanting simply "Let nothing of ill intent enter here " But don't do this one until you have first cleansed your home or you seal the spirits you want gone inside the home.
It could have been a spirit trap if it was buried in the ground, I know that in hoodoo for instance using a shoe can be used in representational magic for banishing , think like "I'm putting my foot down on this matter" , did the aggressive spirits start before or after this thing with the jar started? That's what makes me think it was a spirit trap, or some kind of protection since the jar was broken the anchor to the spell is destroyed meaning there was nothing like to keep the spell sealed and working hence this situation you've described. Let me know if I have misunderstood what you wrote.
